Learn more about the cause of dandruff, how it works, and some of the factors that could put you at risk for a flake outbreak
Dandruff is caused by a naturally occurring scalp microbe called Malassezia globosa.
Everyone has it on their scalp, though it only causes dandruff in about 50% of people.
Here’s how it works:
- Malassezia globosa feeds on your scalp's natural oils, called sebum – this oil is what keeps your hair and scalp moisturized
- As it breaks down, sebum produces a byproduct called oleic acid.
- One in two people are sensitive to oleic acid and, as a result, their scalp becomes irritated.
- In response to the irritation, the scalp begins to inflame, redden, and itch.
- The body sends a signal to the brain to shed skin cells faster than normal – it’s essentially trying to get rid of the irritant. This shedding of skin is what causes visible flakes to appear on your scalp, sometimes falling onto your shoulders.
Other factors that can influence dandruff While the root cause of dandruff is always the same, there are certain factors that can exacerbate the problem or make it appear worse.
These include climatic factors in summer and winter, external irritants such as pollution, and self-inflicted damage such as repeated heat styling of the hair.
Discover what might put you at risk for a dandruff flare-up:
- Summer Dandruff: Why Heat Can Make Dandruff Worse
- Why Stress Can Make Dandruff Worse
- Can Using the Wrong Shampoo Cause Dandruff?
